Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS) Devices and Panels
Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS) Devices and Panels
An automatic transfer switch (ATS) is a smart system designed to automatically switch between the primary and backup power sources. In the event of a failure in the primary source, the device instantly activates the backup source and ensures uninterrupted system operation.
The ATS controller is always on standby mode and continuously monitors the quality of the power supply. If problems are detected, it activates immediately, ensuring an uninterrupted power supply.
Principle of Operation
The ATS's internal control unit constantly monitors the power grid parameters. If there is a deviation from the set values, it analyzes the situation. If necessary, the transfer switch automatically activates and transfers the load to the backup power source. Once the main grid parameters are restored, the system automatically or manually (depending on the model) switches the load back.
In other words, the ATS controller acts as the system’s “brain,” automatically switching the power supply from the main source to the backup source in the event of a failure. Intelligent algorithms ensure an immediate response to any changes in the power grid.
In addition to automatic switching, the ATS panel performs the following functions:
- status indication—displays information about grid parameters, the status of power sources, and the load;
- alarm—emits audible and visual signals in emergency situations;
- protection against overloads, short circuits, and voltage surges;
- generator control—can control the start and stop of a diesel generator (if present);
- power source synchronization—can synchronize the operation of multiple power sources;
- power regulation—can regulate load power by connecting or disconnecting backup power sources;
- remote access—can be equipped with a remote access module that allows its functions to be controlled via the Internet.
Functionality can be expanded depending on the installation of additional equipment.
Types of Systems
Types of Automatic Transfer Switches (ATS):
- by design type:
- panel-type—installed in an electrical panel;
- block-type—standalone units;
- by backup power source:
- with a diesel generator;
- with a UPS (uninterruptible power supply);
- by phase configuration:
- single-phase;
- three-phase.
Rated current: 10 to 6,300 A, with a maximum current rating up to 10,000 A. Systems are also categorized by transfer time: standard (0.5–1.0 s) or fast (0.1–0.5 s).
- Voltage range: 170–270 V (single-phase) / 300–480 V (three-phase)
- Frequency range: 47–53 Hz
Configuration Features
An ATS cabinet is typically constructed from steel, though aluminum and plastic models are also available. Inside the enclosure are:
- main incoming circuit breaker (Main Disconnect)—provides protection against overloads and short circuits;
- protective devices—branch circuit breakers, ground fault circuit interrupters (GFCIs / RCDs), and RCBOs;
- busbars—heavy-duty busbars for primary power distribution and cable connections.
- metering equipment—electricity and sub-metering units;
- ATS controller board and auxiliary equipment—includes voltage monitoring relays, capacitor banks, and uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems.
An automatic transfer switch for a home is a compact unit containing all necessary components, such as a controller, a transfer switch, and backup power sources. Thanks to this, the device can be easily installed in your home’s electrical panel, taking up minimal space.
For maximum convenience, an ATS for an apartment can be installed in a rack cabinet or electrical panel. This allows for efficient use of space and ensures reliable protection of the device.
Selection Guidelines
"Nika Energy" is a reliable manufacturer of power supply equipment in Ukraine. We offer automatic transfer switch systems in various configurations, including single-phase models that are ideal for residential use. You can select the appropriate controller, inverter, relay, and other components to meet the specific requirements of your home.
You can purchase ready-made systems with various power ratings or order a custom turnkey solution. Before shipment, all components will be installed in a cabinet or panel, allowing the unit to be quickly installed on site.
You’ll receive a ready-to-use automatic transfer switch with a warranty, technical support, and a competitive price.